Prenatal Test: Multiple Marker Test

The multiple marker test, also known as the triple or quad screen, is a prenatal blood test that screens for certain birth defects and chromosomal conditions in a developing baby. Typically performed between the 15th and 20th weeks of pregnancy, the test measures the levels of several substances in the mother’s blood, including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), estriol, and, in the case of the quad screen, inhibin-A.

Miscarriages

A miscarriage, or spontaneous abortion, refers to the loss of a pregnancy before the 20th week. It is a relatively common occurrence, with many women experiencing one in their lifetime. Miscarriages can happen for various reasons, including chromosomal abnormalities, hormonal imbalances, uterine issues, or infections. Some lifestyle factors, such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, or extreme stress, can also contribute to the risk. Symptoms of a miscarriage may include vaginal bleeding, cramping, and the passage of tissue. It’s important to seek medical care if any of these symptoms occur. While a miscarriage can be emotionally challenging, many women go on to have healthy pregnancies in the future. Counseling and support groups can help individuals cope with the emotional impact of a miscarriage.

I’m Pregnant. How Can I Avoid Having My Baby Early?

To help reduce the risk of preterm labor and ensure your baby stays in the womb until full term, it’s important to take proactive steps throughout your pregnancy. First, attend regular prenatal checkups to monitor both your health and the baby’s development. Maintaining a healthy diet, staying hydrated, and gaining the appropriate amount of weight for your pregnancy can provide essential nutrients for both you and your baby. Avoid smoking, alcohol, and recreational drugs, as these substances can increase the likelihood of premature birth.

Congenital Hypothyroidism

Congenital hypothyroidism is a condition present at birth in which a baby’s thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. This hormone is essential for normal growth, brain development, and metabolic processes. Without adequate thyroid hormone, the baby may experience symptoms such as jaundice, poor feeding, constipation, and a slow heart rate. If left untreated, congenital hypothyroidism can lead to intellectual disabilities and growth delays. However, when diagnosed early through newborn screening and treated with thyroid hormone replacement therapy, babies with this condition can develop normally and lead healthy lives.