A well-child visit for a newborn is a critical first step in ensuring a healthy start to life. These appointments provide an opportunity for healthcare professionals to assess the baby’s growth, development, and overall health, while also addressing any concerns parents may have. During this visit, key topics like feeding, sleep patterns, vaccinations, and early developmental milestones are discussed, offering guidance tailored to the baby’s specific needs. It is a vital moment for building a strong foundation of trust and support between families and their healthcare team.
What to Expect After Your Baby Is Born
In the hospital, the doctor or nurse will likely perform several important checks and provide guidance on caring for your newborn. Here’s what to expect:
- Initial Checks:
- Your baby’s weight, length, and head circumference will be measured and recorded on a growth chart.
- Discussion and Advice:
- Feeding: Breast milk provides ideal nutrition for newborns, though formula is also a good option. Newborns should be fed every 1 to 3 hours, depending on hunger cues. Breastfeeding mothers may receive assistance with latching, and formula-fed newborns generally take 1–1½ ounces (30–45 ml) per feeding. Burp your baby during and after feedings.
- Peeing and Pooping: Breastfed babies may have fewer wet diapers until the mother’s milk fully comes in. All babies should have around 6 wet diapers by 3–5 days old. Poop will start as dark and tarry, then turn soft and greenish-yellow by day 3–4. Breastfed babies tend to poop more frequently than formula-fed babies.
- Sleeping: Newborns sleep around 14–17 hours a day, waking frequently for feeding. Breastfed babies typically wake every 1–3 hours, while formula-fed babies may sleep for longer stretches. Don’t let a newborn sleep for more than 4 hours between feedings until they are gaining weight well.
- Development: Newborns should pay attention to faces or bright objects within 8–12 inches (20–30 cm), respond to sounds, and display newborn reflexes like rooting, grasping, and the Moro reflex (startle response).
- Physical Exam:
- The doctor will conduct a full exam while your baby is undressed, checking the eyes, heart, umbilical cord, and physical movements.
- Screening Tests:
- Your baby will have blood drawn from a heel prick to screen for certain diseases, and they will undergo a hearing test and oxygen level check.
- Vaccinations:
- The first vaccines may be given while you’re still in the hospital. Vaccines protect against serious illnesses, so it’s essential to follow the recommended schedule. Discuss with your doctor what vaccines are needed.
Looking Ahead: Key Considerations for Your Baby’s Care
Feeding:
- Breastfeeding: Ensure proper latching and avoid bottles or pacifiers until breastfeeding is established. Pay attention to signs of fullness and continue taking prenatal vitamins or multivitamins.
- Formula Feeding: Use iron-fortified formula, following the package instructions for preparation. Don’t prop bottles or let your baby sleep with one.
Routine Care:
- Wash your hands before handling your baby, and keep them away from sick individuals.
- Pay attention to the baby’s umbilical cord, keeping the diaper below it to allow it to dry. For boys, use petroleum jelly if circumcised.
- Give sponge baths until the umbilical cord falls off and any circumcision heals.
- Call the doctor if your baby shows signs of illness, has a fever above 100.4ºF (38ºC), or isn’t eating or pooping as expected.
Safety:
- To reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS):
- Always place your baby on their back to sleep on a firm, flat mattress in a crib or bassinet.
- Avoid loose bedding, pillows, or stuffed animals in the crib.
- Keep the room at a comfortable temperature, and avoid overheating.
- Consider offering a pacifier for sleep but wait until breastfeeding is well established.
- Avoid products that claim to reduce SIDS risk, like wedges or heart-rate monitors, as they are not proven effective.
- Car Safety: Always use a rear-facing car seat in the back seat.
- Supervision: Never leave your baby unattended on high surfaces or in water.
- Avoid shaking: If you ever feel frustrated, place your baby safely in a crib and seek help.
- Sun Protection: Keep your baby out of direct sunlight, and use protective clothing and shade. Sunscreen is not recommended for infants under 6 months, but a small amount can be used if necessary.
Remember, it’s normal to feel tired and overwhelmed as a new parent. If these feelings become intense, or you feel sad or anxious, reach out to your doctor for support. Your health and well-being are just as important as your baby’s.